International Monetary Fund stated in a latest update that while the Italian economy has been relatively resilient, the country must offset a declining working-age population and a shortage of highly skilled professionals. Italy's economy has remained relatively resilient despite global economic uncertainty, and its public finances turned out better than expected last year, recording a primary surplus of 0.4 percent of GDP. Nonetheless, trade tensions have added to risks, not least because Italy is a large exporting economy. Longer-term growth in the European Union's third-largest economy is constrained by low productivity, a shortage of highly skilled professionals, and an aging and declining population, Italy's mission chief, Lone Christiansen, noted.

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